What are the differences between soap, washing powder, and laundry detergent?

With the development of society and the improvement of consumption levels, people are increasingly demanding detergents, and the types of detergents are increasing.

1. Do you know the ingredients of the detergent?

The main component of the detergent is a surfactant, and the surfactant is an organic compound having a hydrophilic group and a lipophilic group in a molecular structure. Surfactant is a typical “two-faced”. When water comes, his head (hydrophilic group) comes in and comes into close contact with water. The oil comes, and its tail (lipophilic base) comes over and is intimate with oil. contact. Surfactants are mainly anionic, cationic and nonionic.

2. Do you know how they get rid of oil?

When the soap is dissolved in water, on the surface of the water, the hydrophilic carboxyl portion of the soap molecule tends to enter the water molecule, while the hydrocarbyl portion of the hydrophobic water is repelled outside the water to form oriented soap molecules. When the concentration of soap in the water gradually increases, the soap molecules accumulated on the surface of the water gradually increase to form a monomolecular layer. When the concentration of the soap continues to increase, since the surface of the water is already filled, the hydrophobic hydrocarbon groups in the soap molecules inside the aqueous solution begin to gather together by the intermolecular force, and the hydrophilic carboxyl group is wrapped outside, and the whole is spherical. Forming aggregated particles of colloidal size.

When washing the laundry, the hydrocarbyl portion of the hydrophobic molecule in the soap molecule dissolves into the oil, while the hydrophilic carboxyl portion extends into the water outside the oil, and the oil is surrounded by soap molecules to form a stable emulsion. By mechanical sputum and water scouring, oil and other contaminants are dispersed from the deposits into smaller opaque droplets that enter the water and leave with water rinsing. It’s like dozens of steel shovel, inserted into a large stone, and everyone pushes the stone out. This is a common decontamination principle of modern detergents.

3. How to choose detergent

The main component of soap is sodium fatty acid, which is produced by the saponification reaction of natural oils. It has strong detergency and good biodegradability. It has no toxic side effects on the human body and no pollution to the environment. If you wash underwear and baby clothes, it is best to choose soap. Another benefit of soap is that it can be spotted for some dirt. The disadvantage of soap is that it reacts with calcium and magnesium ions in hard water to form scum, which adheres to the clothes and causes the laundry to be kneaded.

Washing powder is an alkaline synthetic detergent with strong detergency, good solubility and easy to use. It is superior in hard water and foam, and it is cheaper. It is a cost-effective laundry detergent. . Washing powder is more suitable for washing cotton , linen, chemical fiber and blended fabrics. It is not suitable for washing wool, silk and other clothing. Because wool, silk and other clothing contain protein, and the washing powder is alkaline, it will damage the clothes. The washing effect of washing powder in warm water is better than that of cold water, and it dissolves evenly in warm water, and surfactant can exert more effect. There are a lot of washing powder on the external label indicating the words “add enzyme” or “machine wash” , which indicates that the product is added with alkaline protease, lipase,amylase and other ingredients. These ingredients are effective in removing protein or fat and cosmetic stains from stains such as sweat, milk and blood, but also decompose protein and fat on the skin surface. Therefore, often washing these clothes with these washing powders may cause allergic dermatitis and eczema, causing rough and chapped hands. If the washing is not clean, it may easily irritate the skin and cause dermatitis. The washing water temperature should be controlled at about 40 °C with the enzyme washing powder. The blister washing powder above 60 °C should not be used to avoid the enzyme preparation losing activity and affecting the decontamination effect. Enzyme washing powder can also not be used to wash wool and silk protein fiber-containing fabrics because enzymes can destroy protein fiber structure.Laundry liquid is a kind of liquid laundry detergent. The common laundry liquids on the market can generally be divided into three types: ordinary laundry liquid, high-grade non-phosphorus laundry liquid and conceptual laundry liquid, and the price increases in turn. Conceptual is the most popular at present, adding various popular consumer concepts, such as antibacterial sterilization, sanitation, softness, gentleness and not hurting the hand. The laundry liquid is suitable for washing heavy-duty fabrics such as underwear and bedding sheets. It has good water solubility and can be quickly dissolved in cold water to fully function. A low-foaming nonionic surfactant is often added to the laundry liquid, so it is easier to rinse. Relative to washing powder, the laundry liquid is low in alkalinity, can be made into a neutral laundry liquid,has mild performance, does not damage the clothes, can be used to wash silk, wool and other slender fabrics, and the washed clothes are less irritating to the skin.

4. How to use detergent safely and effectively?

We should try our best to do it: if you don’t need it, you can use it less, and try to use it close to natural ingredients. When purchasing detergent, you should first check whether it has the national quality certification mark. Secondly, it can also be judged from the senses. The qualified product should have no odor, moderate viscosity, no stratification, no suspended matter; Its shelf life is too long and its cleaning effect will be reduced. It is recommended to wash the clothes first, first put the washing powder, add water to stir, wait until the washing powder is fully dissolved, then put the clothes, soak it for 10-20 minutes, the soaking process is also a decontamination process.

Do not use detergent, washing powder, laundry detergent can not be used to wash dishes. It is also not possible to mix the washing liquid with the disinfecting liquid, which will reduce the washing effect and even produce toxic substances.